Development and evaluation of a method for the design of spray applications: aerial tebufenozide applications to control the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)

摘要: Abstract A novel approach to the design of insecticide spray applications was developed and evaluated in field trials assess efficacy insect moulting hormone analog tebufenozide (Mimic ® ) against eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). The pest biology, habitat pesticide characteristics were used as a basis derive required active ingredient (a.i.) deposit density. Ingestion is primary exposure route; an LD 95 acquisition through foliage consumption by fourthinstar larvae establish target dose 15 ng a.i. cm −2 one drop per needle (2.5 ). range volume application rates selected based on densities, canopy leaf area index projected losses understorey drift; 35, 70 140 g 1 ha −1 employed, with 1, 2 4 L . Coniferous forest plots aerially treated, resulting average densities (droplets artificial between 0.8 3.7, averge volumetric deposits 7 30% rates. Population control satisfactory, except for those at 35 which low observed. This found be scientific value adaptable other applications.