Additively manufactured small-diameter vascular grafts with improved tissue healing using a novel SNAP impregnation method.

摘要: The vascular network has a complex architecture such as branches, curvatures, and bifurcations which is even more complicated in view of individual patients' defect anatomy requiring custom-specifically designed implants. In this work, 3D printing used to overcome these challenges new shorter impregnation method was developed incorporate S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d-penicillamine (SNAP) nitric oxide (NO) donor printed grafts. 3D-printed small-diameter grafts (SDVGs) were impregnated with SNAP solution during synthesis (S1) or dissolved methanol (S2). advantage the newly S1 elimination step by direct inside solution. Scanning electron microscopy imaging reveals successful crystal formation both methods. results demonstrate that S1- S2-impregnated grafts, after covering polycaprolactone topcoat, can release NO controlled manner physiological range (0.5-4.0 × 10-10 mol cm-2 min-1 ) over 15 days period. created NO-releasing surface have also shown bactericidal effect while healing properties implant improved promoting migration proliferation endothelial cells (ECs). These suggest incorporation technology optimize shorten manufacturing process next generation patient-based antibacterial SDVGs higher attraction for ECs.