Nanostructures of Graphite and Amorphous Carbon - Fabrication and Properties

摘要: Nanoscience is a well-established research area, which concerns properties and fabrication of objects with typical dimensions on the 1-100 nanometer length scale. A central issue has been development techniques for characterization sized objects, have contributed considerably to progress in both practical applications fundamental research. Still, standing challenge nanofabrication further decrease size limit increase precision structure fabrication, simultaneous reliability cost-efficiency. Other goals are facilitate nanostructures variety materials, different geometries spatial distributions. Examples are, electronic devices, nanoparticle reinforced composite materials extraction storage energy, sensors biomedical applications. In this thesis, application technique termed hole-mask colloidal lithography (HCL) described. The based self-assembly nanospheres combination spin coating thin film evaporation produce supported nanostructured masks etch and/or deposition processes. HCL relies parallel process uses relatively simple laboratory equipment. Therefore it fast cost-effective can be used large surface areas reasonable time. Furthermore, suited shapes, well-defined sizes materials. Demonstrated examples include discs, ellipses, bi-metallic particle pairs, cones inverted ring structures Au, Ag, Cr. Specifically, use fabricate three carbon highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), glassy (GC) amorphous carbon, Such relevant technical model studies e.g. soot particles. manufactured nanostrucutres characterized respect their geometrical, mechanical, optical properties, using microscopy spectroscopy techniques, reactivity towards oxidation explored. From such samples, concluded that rate oxygen plasma HOPG GC, influences resulting shape after applied treatment. It also shown atomic arrangement similar bulk material. Investigations reveal resonant absorption scattering light all i.e. peak position, amplitude width measured spectra correlate nanostructure sizes. This correlation optically monitor oxidation, volume, under high temperature conditions proposed as general sensing method study oxidation/combustion other nanostructures.