作者: Paul H. Levine , Carmela Veneroso
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-3664-4_6
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摘要: While the incidence of breast cancer is higher in White women (115.5/100,000) than African-American (101.5/100,000), mortality pattern just opposite (1). Not only do have a (31.0/100,000) (24.3/100,000) but rates are falling more rapidly women. There many factors that may contribute to these disparities, such as inequalities access healthcare and poverty (2, 3, 4) lower education levels (5). These create barriers health care contributing African-Americans being diagnosed at later stage disease (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11). Some studies shown socio-economic associated with poorer outcome account for some difference between African- Americans Whites (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17). However, even when equal medical care, there still racial differences (18, 19). In Jatoi et al.’s 2003 study survival U.S. Department Defence’s Healthcare System, an “equal system”, (18) they found, after adjusting age stage, not was disparity compared Whites, this has increased since 1980. Other show other delay presentation status explain controlling (20, 21, 22).