Decarboxylases Brain Glutamate Decarboxylase as a Model

摘要: Decarboxylases are a group of diverse enzymes that catalyze the decarboxylation amino acids, keto and others. They have been described in bacteria, plants, animals.1,2 Although some their functions remain unknown, it is clear several decarboxylases biosynthetic functions; e.g., ornithine adenosylmethionine required for synthesis polyamines,3 aspartic acid β-decarboxylase diaminopimelic decarboxylase provide one routes to alanine lysine, respectively, bacteria. Other determined as follows. First, they involved production energy; glycine overall conversion acetate.4,5 Second, histidine appears be physiological processes, gastric secretion, peripheral circulation, allergic reactions, certain types rapid growth.6–8 Third, glutamate (GAD)9,10 dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) primary importance nervous system because GAD rate-limiting enzyme biosynthesis γ-aminobutyric (GABA), an important inhibitory neurotransmitter, DOPA neurotransmitters, serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine.10,11