Comparison of the initial demographies of pine and oak populations in rural pine forests in Korea and Japan

摘要: In order to understand the human impact upon demographic change in plant population rural forests, we examined trends ofPinus densiflora andQuercus serrata inP. forests viewing their seedlings and saplings Korea Japan. The most prominent factor affecting regeneration of pine oak was intensity management activity which controlled vegetation stratification its light environment. Open spaces, such as graveyard or cleaned area that allow long-term direct daylight dry season accelerate surface heat soil, were unfavorable habitats for germination growth both species. negative effects presence litter evergreen trees related failure early seedling sapling pine. Cover is, especially, another saplings. It is considered successful successional stages determined by structures condition.