The Microscopic Structure of the Nervous System: Its Function

摘要: The essential component of the system is nerve cell with its dendrites and prolongation, axon (Figs. 2.1–2.3). Young (1945) characterized as “a very long cylinder a semi fluid nature.” It column neuronal cytoplasm, axoplasm enclosed by membrane, axolemma. Thomas et al. (1993a) described “fluid cytosol in which are suspended formed elements.” most conspicuous latter cytoskeleton consisting neurotubules, neurofilaments matrix. In addition, there mitochondria, axoplasmic reticulum, lamellar multivesicular bodies, membranous cisterns, tubes vesicles. that provides apparatus for transport. Berthold (2005) describe axolemma three-layered unit membrane about 8 nm thick consider it: “conveys signals between neurone Schwann cells control proliferative myelin producing functions partly regulate size.” glial peripheral nervous development, maturation, survival regeneration neurone. relationship lifelong. myelinating non main cells. There others, include satellite surrounding bodies dorsal root autonomic ganglia, glia enteric system; teloglia (terminal cells) at terminals somatic motor axons associated sensory such Pacinian corpuscle. Mirsky Jessen observe: “evidence to date suggests molecular morphological differences these various depend on specific location cellular environment they found PNS retain unusual plasticity throughout life.” King (Berthold 2005) estimated 10% nuclei within endoneurium normal or spinal fibroblasts, endogenous macrophages account 2% 9%. Most remainder Whilst mast also seen their function not well understood.