The burden of disaster: part II. applying interventions across the child's social ecology.

摘要: This second of two articles describes the application disaster mental health interventions within context childs social ecology consisting Micro-, Meso-, Exo-, and Macrosystems. Microsystem involving parents, siblings, close friends include family preparedness planning andpractice, psychoeducation, role modeling, emotional support, redirection. Mesosystem provided by schools faith-based organizations safety assessment, referral, counseling. Exosystem those through community-based programs, healthcare organizations, workplace, media, local volunteer other organizations. Efforts to build community resilience disasters are likely have influence Exosystem. The Macrosystem - including laws, history, cultural subcultural characteristics, economic conditions that underlie systems affects child indirectly public policies programs services become available in child's aftermath a paradigm, described more fully companion article (Noffsinger Pfefferbaum, Sherrieb, & Norris,2012), emphasizes relationships among can guide development delivery embedded naturally-occurring structures environment.