Irisin and Incretin Hormones: Similarities, Differences, and Implications in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.

摘要: Incretins are gut hormones that potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) after meals. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the most investigated incretin hormone, synthesized mainly by L cells in lower tract. GLP-1 promotes β-cell function and survival exerts beneficial effects different organs tissues. Irisin, a myokine released response to high-fat diet exercise, enhances GSIS. Similar GLP-1, irisin augments biosynthesis accrual of functional mass. In addition, share comparable pleiotropic activate similar intracellular pathways. The insulinotropic extra-pancreatic reduced type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients but preserved at pharmacological doses. receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) therefore among widely used antidiabetes drugs, also considered for their cardiovascular benefits ability promote weight loss. Irisin levels T2D patients, diabetic and/or obese animal models administration improves glycemic control Interestingly, recent evidence suggests both within pancreatic islets, α- β-cells, respectively. This review aims describe similarities between propose new potential axis-involving gut, muscle, endocrine pancreas controls energy homeostasis.