Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management of Extra-Intestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

摘要: Extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMs) are reported frequently in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and may be diagnosed before, concurrently or after the diagnosis of IBD. EIMs IBD classified based on their association activity. The first group has a direct relationship activity includes pauciarticular arthritis, oral aphthous ulcers, erythema nodosum episcleritis. second appears to follow an independent course from underlying include ankylosing spondylitis uveitis. third that not related intestinal inflammation, such as pyoderma gangrenosum probably primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Genetic susceptibility, aberrant self-recognition immunopathogenic autoantibodies against organ-specific cellular antigens shared by colon extra-colonic organs contribute pathogenesis development these EIMs. use biological agents armamentarium expanded treatment options for some disabling form cornerstone managing most PSC is one common hepatobiliary associated which no clear exist other than endoscopic therapy liver transplantation. Future research targeting pathogenesis, early required.