Difficulty of extraction of chronically implanted tined ventricular endocardial leads

摘要: The dislodgment rate of permanent pacing ventricular and atrial endocardial leads has significantly decreased with the incorporation tines as a fixation device. In contrast, transvenous manual extraction chronically implanted is, at times, clinically indicated, particularly when pacemaker system infection is present. success such attempts for over past 5 years was reviewed. Extraction usually successful (six seven attempts) in patients silicone rubber nontined (or short-tined) older (Group A). However, newer urethane long-tined B), unsuccessful three four attempts. Because entrapment distal electrode tip right apex, traction these resulted conductor material stretching resultant insulator breakage region joints proximal electrodes. one Group B technically difficult appeared to create significant risk intracardiac lead separation. This experience indicates that improved design been obtained cost increased difficulty extraction. Such should be anticipated clinical decision made attempt extract new leads.