Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Extant Freshwater Ostracodes (Crustacea) in Ancient Lake Ohrid (Macedonia/Albania)

摘要: We carried out an intensive sampling survey in ancient Lake Ohrid (Macedonia/Albania), covering all seasons, to determine total species number, relative abundances and spatial distribution of Ostracoda. identified 32 living that belong seven families (Candonidae, Ilyocyprididae, Cyprididae, Leptocytheridae, Limnocytheridae, Cytherideidae, Darwinulidae) 15 genera (Candona, Fabaeformiscandona, Candonopsis, Cypria, Cyclocypris, Ilyocypris, Eucypris, Prionocypris, Bradleystrandesia, Herpetocypris, Dolerocypris, Amnicythere, Paralimnocythere, Cytherissa, Darwinula). Six additional were from empty carapaces valves. Dominant Candonidae representing 53% 16% species, respectively. Prevalence flocks these two confirms the “young” status lake. Amnicythere displays a preference for oligo-haline meso-haline waters, but some are found saline environments, which suggests has marine history. Recent studies, however, indicate fluvial/glaciofluvial deposition at onset sedimentation. Candona is most diverse genus Ohrid, represented by 12 species. Paralimnocythere five other one or Reports bimucronata, Ilyocypris bradyi, Eucypris virens, sp., Prionocypris zenkeri, Bradleystrandesia reticulate, Herpetocypris sp. 2, Dolerocypris sinensis firsts this Living ostracodes collected maximum water depth (280 m) lake (Candona hadzistei, C. marginatoides, media, ovalis, vidua, Fabaeformiscandona krstici, Cypria lacustris, obliqua karamani). lacustris was overall abundant displayed highest abundance 280 m depth. Principal environmental variables influence ostracode distributions conductivity. In general, richness, diversity evenness greater waters <60 deep, with values often littoral zone, depths <30 m. Candonids, sublittoral (30–50 profundal (50–280 zones. The frequent encountered taxa endemic (14 species), have wide range (≤280 m), display higher Non-endemic rare, limited <50 m, mainly north part where anthropogenic pressure high. Several cosmopolitan first time, widespread new arrivals may replace endemics as human impacts increase.