Disinfection by-products in Finnish drinking waters.
作者： T.K. Nissinen , I.T. Miettinen , P.J. Martikainen , T. Vartiainen
DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00034-6
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摘要: Abstract Disinfection by-products (DBPs) were measured in plant effluents of 35 Finnish waterworks, which utilized different treatment processes and raw water sources. DBPs also from the distribution systems three waterworks. Di- trichloroacetic acids, chloroform major found treated samples. The concentration six haloacetic acids (HAA6) exceeded concentrations trihalomethanes (THMs). Chlorinated drinking waters (DWs) originating surface contained highest HAA6 THMs: 108 26 μg/l, respectively. lowest ozonated and/or activated carbon filtrated chloraminated DWs. Higher HAA6, THMs, adsorbable organic halogens summer compared to winter. levels chlorinated acetic chloroform, bromodichloromethane correlated positively with mutagenicity. Past mutagenicity DWs examined. A reduction use prechlorination, increased chloramine disinfection, better removal most important reasons for 69% decrease 1985 1994.
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