摘要: A brief account of the early history extracellular signalling by ATP will be followed a summary current subclassification receptors for purines and pyrimidines. On basis cloning, transduction mechanisms pharmacology, P1 (adenosine) receptor family has 4 subtypes, while P2 (ATP, ADP UTP) been divided into P2X ionotropic (7 subtypes) P2Y metabotropic G protein-coupled (8 subtypes). The distribution purinoceptors in both neuronal non-neuronal cells physiology pathophysiology purinergic reviewed. Examples fast include cotransmission neuromodulation, exocrine endocrine secretion, platelet aggregation, vascular endothelial cell-mediated vasodilatation nociceptive mechanosensory transduction. slow (trophic) cell proliferation, differentiation apoptosis embryological development, neural regeneration, bone resorption, turnover epithelial skin visceral organs, inflammation, wound healing cancer. Finally purinoceptor subtypes expressed on astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, microglia, Muller enteric glial summarized as well evidence non-lytic release from cells.
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