摘要: X-ray diffraction (XRD) was developed during the first half of century and soon applied to identify solid phases involved in heterogeneous catalysts. Identification based on Bragg law giving lattice spacings which are fingerprints any crystalline phase. Soon, this powerful analytical tool complemented by line broadening analysis (LBA) average crystallite size directions perpendicular reflecting plane, thus providing a direct evaluation state division phases. The development small angle scattering (SAXS) brought another method determine particle specific surface area Finally, theory amorphous matter made possible determination interatomic distances between nearest neighbor atoms materials do not even exhibit lines.
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