Noncommunicable diseases in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection in high-income and low-income settings.

摘要: PURPOSE OF REVIEW Perinatally HIV-infected adolescents may be at increased risk of noninfectious comorbidities later in life. This review summarizes recent advances the understanding noncommunicable diseases (NCD) among high-income and lower middle-income countries, identifies key questions that remain unanswered. We atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD), chronic bone (CBD), kidney (CKD), lung (CLD). RECENT FINDINGS Persistent immune activation inflammation underlie pathogenesis AVD, highlighting importance treatment adherence maintenance viral suppression, need to evaluate interventions decrease risk. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) trials vitamin D supplementation have been focus studies CBD with limited date evaluating tenofovir alafenamide as an alternative TDF for decreasing renal adverse effects adolescents. Recent CKD focused primarily on estimating prevalence different settings whereas CLD are limited. SUMMARY As perinatally children age into adolescence adulthood effective long-term ART, it is necessary continue their risks complications, understand mechanisms underlying risks, identify specifically this population.