Instabilities of Matter in Strong External Fields and at High Density

摘要: In the recent literature, there have been a number of theoretical studies new phenomena involving instability ground state (sometimes called vacuum state) various fundamental forms matter under unusual perturbations. this paper we consider in detail two examples application Coulomb fields superheavy nuclei, against emission positrons and creation condensate charged pion pairs. The former may occur for atomic Z ∿ 170, whereas latter requires > 103. theory possible condensation inside nuclear neutron star is also discussed. By careful attention to fundamentals, an effort made clarify some controversy now raging literature concerning these speculations.