Inflammatory networks in the control of spermatogenesis : chronic inflammation in an immunologically privileged tissue?

摘要: Spermatogenesis is a complex, organized process involving intimate interactions between the developing germ cells and supporting Sertoli cells. The also highly regulated. Studies suggest that regulation in seminiferous epithelium involves molecules normally associated with either immune or inflammatory processes; particular, interleukin 1a (IL1a), IL6, tumor necrosis factor (TNFa), activin A nitric oxide (NO). While there considerable evidence these mediators have effects on spermatogonial spermatocyte development as well critical supportive functions of cells, which are undoubtedly importance during testicular inflammation, remains some skepticism regarding significance respect to normal function. Nonetheless, it evident expression regulators varies across cycle consistent manner, major changes production coinciding key events within cycle. This review summarizes hypothesis cytokines play role spermatogenesis, etiology inflammation induced sub-fertility. balance data leads striking conclusion resembles chronic event. appears be somewhat paradoxical assertion, since testis an immunologically privileged tissue based its well-established ability support grafts minimal rejection responses. However, may argued local immunoregulatory mechanisms, confer protection from immunity both transplanted tissues spermatogenic equally necessary prevent responses activating adaptive response.