Energy, exergy and advanced exergy analysis of a milk processing factory

摘要: Abstract Energy, exergy and advanced methods were used to analyse a milk powder production facility. While conventional energy analysis is map the flows suggest possibilities for process integration through pinch analysis, an identifies locations magnitudes of thermodynamic irreversibilities. The determines real potential improvements by dividing destruction into its avoidable unavoidable parts, which relate technological limitations, endogenous exogenous present interactions between different sub-systems. This was based on factory data with complete line (milk treatment, evaporators dryers) utility systems modelled. results show optimisation comparison applicability dairy industry. mapping showed that heat small. revealed gas burner spray dryer caused most destruction, while heaters had low efficiencies. found have high share destruction. However not all from practical.