Effect of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on Endothelial Dysfunction and Markers of Vascular Inflammation in the Metabolic Syndrome

摘要: ContextThe metabolic syndrome has been identified as a target for dietary therapies to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the role diet in the etiology is poorly understood.ObjectiveTo assess effect Mediterranean-style on endothelial function and vascular inflammatory markers patients with syndrome.Design, Setting, and PatientsRandomized, single-blind trial conducted from June 2001 to January 2004 at university hospital Italy among 180 (99 men 81 women) with syndrome, defined by Adult Treatment Panel III.InterventionsPatients intervention group (n = 90) were instructed follow a received detailed advice about how increase daily consumption whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, olive oil; patients control followed prudent (carbohydrates, 50%-60%; proteins, 15%-20%; total fat, <30%).Main Outcome MeasuresNutrient intake; function score measure blood pressure and platelet aggregation response L-arginine; lipid and glucose parameters; insulin sensitivity; circulating levels high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) interleukins 6 (IL-6), 7 (IL-7), 18 (IL-18).ResultsAfter 2 years, following consumed more foods rich monounsaturated polyunsaturated fiber and had lower ratio omega-6 omega-3 fatty acids. Total fruit, vegetable, and nuts intake (274 g/d), grain (103 oil consumption (8 g/d) also significantly higher (P<.001). The level physical activity increased both groups by approximately 60%, without difference between groups (P .22). Mean (SD) body weight decreased more intervention group (−4.0 [1.1] kg) than those (−1.2 [0.6] Compared consuming the diet, consuming had significantly reduced serum concentrations hs-CRP .01), IL-6 .04), IL-7 = 0.4), IL-18 0.3), well insulin resistance Endothelial score improved (mean [SD] change, +1.9 [0.6]; P<.001) but remained stable (+0.2 [0.2]; P .33). At years follow-up, 40 still features compared 78 patients in (P<.001).ConclusionA might be effective reducing prevalence of its associated risk.