Malaria vectors and transmission dynamics in Goulmoun, a rural city in south-western Chad.

摘要: Knowledge of some baseline entomological data such as Entomological Inoculation Rates (EIR) is crucially needed to assess the epidemiological impact malaria control activities directed either against parasites or vectors. In Chad, most published surveys date back 1960's. this study, anopheline species composition and their relation transmission were investigated in a dry Sudanian savannas area Chad. A 12-month longitudinal survey was conducted irrigated rice-fields Goulmoun south western Human landing catches performed each month from July 2006 June 2007 three compounds (indoors outdoors) pyrethrum spray collections July, August October 10 randomly selected rooms. Mosquitoes belonging Anopheles gambiae complex An. funestus group identified by molecular diagnostic tools. Plasmodium falciparum infection blood meal sources detected ELISA. Nine collected two sampling methods. The aggressive arabiensis (51 bites/human/night), pharoensis (12.5 b/h/n), (1.5 b/h/n) ziemanni (1.3 b/h/n). circumsporozoite protein rate 1.4% for arabiensis, funestus, 0.8% 0.5% ziemanni. Malaria seasonal, lasting April December. However, more than 80% total EIR concentrated period October. overall annual estimated at 311 bites infected anophelines/human/year, contributed mostly (84.5%) (12.2%). played minor role. Parasite inoculation occurred after 22:00 hours but around 20% anophelines distributed earlier evening. present study revealed implication rice fields Goulmoun, complementing major role arabiensis. did not depend upon irrigation. Correct use insecticide treated nets may be effective vector although additional protective measures are prevent pre-bedtime exposure anophelines.