Vertical Velocities in a Thunderstorm Gust Front and Outflow

摘要: Abstract Continuous vertically pointing measurements of a thunderstorm outflow, including its gust front, were obtained with Doppler radar near New Salem, North Dakota. The provide high-resolution depiction the vertical structure reflectivity and velocity within parent storm. Earlier front remote sensing studies have used observations low-elevation-angle scans to accurately measure horizontal flow pattern from which velocities subsequently estimated by integrating continuity equation. In contrast, Salem case provides direct, rather than derived, measurement better resolution vastly superior temporal resolution. front’s is in general agreement earlier numerical simulations, except that transition strong upward downward motion was more abrupt. maximum updraft, ...