Nonribosomal biosynthesis of microbial chromopeptides.

摘要: Nonribosomal chromopeptides and mixed chromopeptide-polyketides contain aromatic or heteroaromatic side groups which are important recognition elements for interaction with cellular targets such as DNA proteins, resulting in the biological activities of these natural products. In chromopeptide lactones arylpeptide-siderophores from bacteria, chromophore moiety--an aryl carboxylate amidated to peptide chain--constitutes formal amino terminus is starter residue assembly. Common many arylpeptide systems activation by stand-alone adenylation domains loading discrete carrier proteins (ArCPs) ArCP interact modules respective nonribosomal synthetase (NRPS), assembling next residues chain. Chain modification another mechanism synthesis where rings thiazoles oxazoles peptides polyketides generated heterocylizations acyl- peptidyl-cysteinyl -serinyl/threonyl intermediates each elongation step. this review basic mechanisms acquisition peptide/polyketide illustrated comparing biosynthesis various chromopeptidic polyketide compounds.