Protein Translocation Across Biological Membranes

摘要: Several thousand different polypeptides are synthesized within an eukaryotic cell. In general, protein synthesis takes place in the cytosol, but many proteins have their functional location subcellular compartments that separated from cytosol by at least one membrane. Certain proteins, for example, those residing lumen of chloroplast thylakoids, to be translocated across as three bilayers reach destination. Others, exerting transport functions, become integrated into membranes, often arrangements spanning bilayer times. How targeted correct membrane compartment? What signals involved, and how can polypeptides, i.e. macromolecules containing hydrophilic groups, penetrate lipid all? By describing main principles translocation biological membranes I shall try answer some these basic questions molecular cell biology.