Neurodevelopmental Effects of Alcohol

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the developmental effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol in forms ethanol (EtOH) and methanol (MeOH). The consumption beer, wine, or spirits during pregnancy can have a profound impact on processes normal child development. EtOH are dose dependent, children born alcoholic EtOH‐abusing mothers at highest risk for poor outcome. Developmental widespread range from structural malformations delays physical growth deficits neurobehavioral development (learning, memory, language, social behavior). most serious outcome drinking is fetal syndrome (FAS). In addition microcephaly, facial features caused by include short palpebral fissures, flattened midface, indistinct philtrum, thin upper lip, upturned nose. Common FAS face that not required formal diagnosis epicanthal folds, low nasal bridge, minor ear anomalies, micrognathia. maternal inhalation MeOH may be related subtle but systematic disturbance timing labor delivery pregnant nonhuman primates. While no clear pattern adverse found development, visually coordinated reaching early memory disrupted an exposed offspring.