摘要: Abstract In equilibrium, the composition of surface an alloy will, in general, differ from that bulk. The broken-bond model is applicable to alloys with atoms virtually equal size. If heat formation zero, component lower atomization found enriched surface. both partners have heats sublimination, a diluted minority component. Size effects can enhance or weaken electronic effects. lattice strain be relaxed by precipitating deviating size on Two-phase are described “cherry model”, i.e. one phase, “kernel” surrounded another alloy, “flesh”, and outer “skin” displays as monophasic alloys. presence molecules capable forming chemical bonds individual metal atoms, “chemisorption induced segregation” observed at low temperatures, becomes stronger chemisorption bonds.
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