Provision of Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements to Mothers During Pregnancy and 6 Months Postpartum and to Their Infants from 6 to 18 Months Promotes Infant Gut Microbiota Diversity at 18 Months of Age but Not Microbiota Maturation in a Rural Malawian Setting: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Trial.

摘要: Background Diet may alter the configuration of gut microbiota, but impact prenatal and postnatal nutritional interventions on infant microbiota has not been investigated. Objective We evaluated whether providing lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs) to mother-infant dyads promotes a more diverse mature compared maternal supplementation with multiple micronutrients (MMN) or iron folic acid (IFA). Methods enrolled 869 pregnant women in randomized trial Malawi. There were 3 study groups, receiving 1 MMN capsule daily during pregnancy 6 mo postpartum, LNS sachet (20 g) IFA (during pregnancy) then placebo (postpartum). Infants group received from 18 mo; infants other groups did receive supplements. The infants' fecal characterized by PCR amplification sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA gene (variable region 4). primary outcomes α diversity maturation [as microbiota-for-age z score (MAZ)]. Specific associations taxa intervention established indicator species analysis (ISA). Results Primary differ between so these combined (IFA + MMN). Mean ± SD was higher at for Shannon index [3.01 0.57 (LNS) 2.91 0.60 MMN), P = 0.032] Pielou's evenness [0.61 0.08 0.09 0.043]; no significant differences observed 1, 6, 12, 30 mo. MAZ β any age. found 10 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) positively associated MMN, respectively; however, became nonsignificant following false discovery rate correction 10%. Conclusions Prenatal intake promoted mo, after 12 child supplementation, maturation. This registered clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01239693.