Clinical spectrum of spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula

摘要: A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the cavernous sinus and carotid arterial system. CCF divided into two categories, direct indirect. Direct fistulas usually account for 70 to 90% of all CCF. Spontaneous, low-flow are associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension collagen vascular disease or may develop in females during peripartum period. The elderly age group, especially women at increased risk. We report three cases spontaneous presenting ocular manifestations hypertension, without any disease. One case was a variety other were indirect variety.