Minimising carbon emissions and energy expended for the New Zealand transport sector through to 2050
作者： Timothy Gordon Walmsley , James R. Neale , Martin John Atkins , Alvin Chand , Peter J.J. Kamp
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摘要: Carbon Emissions Pinch Analysis (CEPA) and Energy Return on Investment (EROI) analysis are combined to investigate the feasibility of New Zealand (NZ) reaching a 1990 emission levels for transport in 2050. The transportation sector traditionally has been difficult area transition high renewable energy because strong dependency fossil fuels. Multiple scenarios reducing emissions analysed. With NZ’s unique mix resources demonstrates that NZ is very good position sustainably meet their future needs provided substantial commitment made light vehicle fleet hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrids vehicles electric by Electrification rail within between major centres will also require political commitment. resulting increase electricity demand 3.6 TWh (or 4.8 % generation NZ). We show minimum amount biofuel production achieve goal level 2050 46 PJ. Delivering PJ expected be well potential capacity NZ. delivery economically competitive liquid biofuels close cooperation system integration with other systems like industrial process heat sector.
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