Holistic Approach to Reduce Rural Roadway Departure Crashes

摘要: Two-lane rural roadways generate a disproportionate number of fatal and serious injury crashes. Many safety measures to date have reduced crash severity. As roadway design guides evolved, they incorporated changes that address needs. Advanced vehicle designs features protect occupants. Regulations addressed risky driver behavior. Technological improvements emergency response times transport trauma centers. To mitigate departure issues, the engineering, education, enforcement, (4E) approach has recently been implemented by some highway transportation agencies. Including nonengineering mitigation along with engineering mitigations, such as improved roadside design, maintenance practices had positive effects on Improved survival rate. Education enforcement efforts The Moving Ahead for Progress in 21st Century Act emphasizes an application 4E full flexibility use Highway Safety Improvement Program funds. This paper advances holistic analytical coordinating 4Es identifies need research support validate proposed optimization approach. A data-driven model is presented optimizing allocation resources at program level issues. same can be applied project level. Language: en