Disordered matter: From Ionic Glasses to Proteins

摘要: Understanding the glassy state is regarded as one of ten most important questions in physics 21st century [1]. This thesis deals with structure and dynamics a few model disordered systems ranging from an ionic glass to proteins. The liquid, Ca0.4K0.6(NO0.3)1.4, has been investigated by neutron diffraction computer modeling at temperatures around transition. The aim study was quantify structural changes system connected transition liquid solid, discuss results terms models for liquid-glass show that thermal expansion not enough explain over transition, other atomic rearrangements also take place. vibrational spectra two glasses, Ca0.4K0.6(NO0.3)1.4 Li2O-2B2O3 have recorded using inelastic scattering. experiements reveal intimate relation between character (network vs. glass) nature excess excitations glasses. Polymers varying chain-lengths studied quasi-elastic scattering attempt detect being molecular (short chains) complex fluid. full polymer furthermore wide temperature range. Analysis shows contributions segmental side group rotations are essentially independent quantitative agreement simulations. Proteins suggested share certain common thermodynamic characteristics A temperature-dependent diffusion-like slightly hydrated human hemoglobin like 200 K. In addition differences dynamic factor depending on history were detected. Time resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy shown be valuable tool studying linked conformational biological molecules. new laser suitable such task presented, together measured excitation profiles aromatic acids solution.