Clinical Ethics in Anesthesiology: Communitarian values in medical decision-making: Native Americans

摘要: This chapter explains the burdens of surrogate decision-making citing a case study an 80 year-old widowed woman admitted for elective total hip replacement but post-surgery loses capacity. Many European countries have autonomy-based models competent patients, and hierarchies incapacitated patients that are similar to in US. It may be possible prevent confusion about appropriate by asking all hospitalized preoperative with capacity identify their preferred decision maker(s) early hospital stay. Ethics palliative care consultants can help evaluate apparent discrepancies. Decision-making is assessed evaluating patients' abilities understand information condition treatment options; appreciate at hand will affect them; explain reasoning; arrive choice consistent values beliefs or discussion patient's life values.