Recent advancement of understanding pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and potential relevance to diabetic nephropathy.

摘要: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive destruction of pancreatic beta cells genetic and environmental factors which leads to absolute dependence insulin for survival maintenance health. Although the majority mechanisms cell remain unclear, many molecules, including proinflammatory cytokines chemokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, are implicated in development damage. Furthermore, enhanced Th1 Th17 subsets CD4+ T cells. In contrast, there involved peripheral tolerance regulatory cells, function depends on pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth beta. Development progression renal injuries patients with diabetic nephropathy also associated several cytokines, alpha, insulin-like factor-1, vascular endothelial factor, pathogenic underlying type principally different, i.e., autoimmunity inflammation, some common factors, susceptibility genes both mechanisms, infiltrating recruitment, upregulation other chemokines, or apoptosis.