Determining the effective electromagnetic properties of negative-refractive-index metamaterials from internal fields

摘要: Effective electromagnetic properties of negative index refraction metamaterials (NIMs) can be hard to measure. We show through simulations that fields inside a typical, physically realizable wire-SRR (split ring resonator) NIM are more homogeneous than one might expect such metamaterials, and sufficiently structured useful for interpretation. Specifically, the electric field phase is surprisingly smooth NIM, including at edges material, thus used reliably estimate effective length critical parameter when determining material using many methods. The length, together with amplitude measurements further measure good precision minimum ambiguity NIM. To validate this technique, we obtained it very closely match those derived from $S$ parameters. inherent redundancy in data makes method less sensitive measurement errors based on transmission/reflection measurements, making suitable experiments. also that, experiments, given periodicity per cell generally enough retrieve these properties.