Distinct Actions of Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) on Placental Development and Fetal Growth: Lessons from Mice and Guinea Pigs.

摘要: Placental insufficiency is thought to be a key factor in many cases of intrauterine growth restriction which complicates about 6% pregnancies western countries. Understanding the molecular control placental and fetal essential identifying diagnostic therapeutic targets improve pregnancy success. Insulin-like (IGF)-I IGF-II gene ablation or maternal food reduce tissue circulating IGF abundance fetus, placenta mother are associated with both restriction. Conversely, vivo treatment pregnant guinea pig IGF-I from early mid increases weight enhances transport near term. IGF-II, an IGF2R specific analogue, enhanced structural differentiation, whereas altered body composition. These outcomes demonstrate endocrine roles within for IGFs, as well autocrine/paracrine effects enhancing placentation Therefore, factors that alter expression may affect exchange function late gestation when demands fetus escalate. also signal its nutrient suit. Therefore each local origin has important, but distinct, development function.