Chemical pinning centers for high temperature superconductors

摘要: An oxide superconductor includes a textured superconducting material including an array of defects, where the defects are compound two elements foreign to superconductor, plus other native superconductor. The include one from group A and B (or alternately element uranium C), Cr, Mo, W, or Nd, Pt, Zr, Pd, Ni, Ti, Hf, Ce Th, C Th. is dispersed throughout material. may be RE 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7−∂ compound, wherein RE=Y, La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Tb; Bi Sr CaCu x , (Bi, Pb) Ca compounds; HgBa 8 6 compounds, TlCaBa Tl compounds involving substitution such as Nd 1+x 2−x compounds.