Hearing and Sensory Ecology of Acoustic Communication in Bladder Grasshoppers

摘要: Bladder grasshoppers are a small family of Orthoptera, with ear morphology and physiology, behavior, sensory ecological features outstanding among acoustic insects. Acoustic communication is characterized by male female duetting phonotaxis. The detection distance the signal exceptional at about 2 km, achieved via stridulation against air-filled abdominal resonators, exploitation weather conditions ideal for sound transmission. In least three species, alternate morphs occur which incapable flight production but copulate females. Such alternative mating tactics constitute profound selective pressures sexual competition evolution system. Auditory sensitivity mediated an array six pairs atympanate ears in segments A1–A6. auditory organ, pleural chordotonal A1 comprises 2,000 sensilla, whereas A2–A6 less developed, making pneumorids unique system studying complex from simple precursors.