1 – Domestication and Improvement of Cultivated Barley

摘要: Cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a founder crop of the Old World Neolithic food production and one major cereal crops worldwide. Wild spontaneum), containing same genome as cultivated barley, progenitor barley. In this chapter, we reviewed origin domestication distribution growth habits, environmental adaptation wild well utilization in breeding. mainly exists spreads Near East Fertile Crescent, extends east into Central Asia Tibetan Plateau. The Crescent has been generally considered primary center However, growing evidences support hypothesis multiple points for rich adaptive diversity at genetic level. There are lot desirable traits that could be transferred to other cereals. We also presented abiotic stress tolerance against factors such drought, cold, heat, salt, low fertility, biotic resistance viruses, bacteria, fungi, herbicides. Moreover, potential improvement cold temperature grain quality discussed.