Macrophages in Lipid and Immune Homeostasis

摘要: Many components of the immune system play diverse roles in lipid metabolism and vice versa. Macrophage functions, including pathogen clearance apoptotic cell removal, depend on recognition ligands by surface intracellular receptors secreted lipid-binding molecules. Engagement triggers an response, which is accompanied de novo synthesis bioactive lipids that help resolve inflammation. Oxidised lipids, byproducts oxidative burst, activate nuclear receptors, not only orchestrate homoeostasis but also cross-regulate NFκB-driven responses. Activation macrophages leads to cytokine production induction acute phase systemic changes. Lipoproteins their components, as well transport molecules, are emerging novel actors innate defence. Key Concepts: Macrophages interact with cells organs involved uptake, distribution storage. The repertoire other includes a range sensors detect self nonself lipids. Phagocytosis pathogens modulated ligands. The burst accompanying response oxidises generates secondary messengers. The cholesterol content sensed endoplasmic reticulum receptors. Lipid-activated PPARs LXRs adjust transcriptome can modulate proinflammatory transcription factors such NFκB. Systemic or chronic activation secretory changes liver, process called response. Acute proteins contribute scavenging circulation. Apolipoproteins, molecules carry through circulation, show versatile antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory antitumour potential for therapy. Keywords: macrophage; innate immunity; metabolism; lipoprotein(s); nuclear receptor(s); oxidised lipid(s); apolipoprotein mimetic(s)