摘要: Although carbon monoxide is most widely observed in interstellar and circumstellar matter through its pure rotational transitions at radio wavelengths, it can be the ultraviolet infrared regions of spectrum, too. These observations complement mm-wave data important ways. Ultraviolet measurements probe photon-dominated where CO co-exists with C, C+, O. Infrared absorption spectroscopy makes possible direct measurement abundance both solid gaseous form cold H2 now measurable as well. lines amount molecular gas QSO absorbers high redshift (z ≈ 2–4).