Interior characteristics at mid-levels of thunderstorms in the southeastern United States

摘要: Data characterizing the updraft structures and hydrometers observed in moderate thunderstorms by armored T-28 aircraft during 1986 Cooperative Huntsville Meteorological Experiment (COHMEX) are presented. Updraft regions storms were relatively narrow, but usually very turbulent. The vertical winds generally weak, peak speeds being <5 m s−1; absolute maximum was 19 s−1. Cloud liquid-water concentrations measured between −7.5°C +5.5°C levels typically <25% of adiabetic values. Size spectra for precipitation particles appear truncated, with high sizes 1 5 mm few larger than 8 mm. hail occured less 25% penetrations, about cm infrequent, despite reflectivities often 50 60 dBz. The large numbers precipitation-size found that appeared to be well-mixed indicate a coalescence mechanism active COHMEX storms. depth warm cloud, weak updrafts, presence cloud droplets all support mechanism. Ice processes also must play role development because most characterized extremely deep convection. However, conceentrations growth centers at penetration suggest natural “beneficial competition” process limits particles.