Potential disease transmission from wild geese and swans to livestock, poultry and humans: a review of the scientific literature from a One Health perspective.

摘要: There are more herbivorous waterfowl (swans and geese) close to humans, livestock poultry than ever before. This creates widespread conflict with agriculture other human interests, but also debate about the role of swans geese as potential vectors disease relevance for animal health. Using a One Health perspective, we provide first comprehensive review scientific literature most relevant viral, bacterial, unicellular pathogens occurring in wild swans. Research thus far suggests that these birds may play transmission avian influenza virus, Salmonella, Campylobacter, antibiotic resistance. On hand, at present there is no evidence Newcastle disease, duck plague, West Nile Vibrio, Yersinia, Clostridium, Chlamydophila, Borrelia. Finally, based on knowledge it not possible say if Escherichia coli, Pasteurella, Helicobacter, Brachyspira, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Microsporidia. largely due changes classification taxonomy, rapid development identification methods lack host specificity. Previous research tends overrate vectors; do find any they significant transmitters humans or considered this review. Nevertheless, wise keep separated from small volume waters used by many waterfowl, need discourage grazing nature reserves pastures where present. Under some circumstances warranted using wastewater ponds, drinking water reservoirs, public beaches. Intensified screening AIV, virus anatid herpesvirus warranted.