Morphogenetic Alterations in Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Associated with Pesticides.

摘要: Bees are major pollinators of both native flora and cultured crops. Nonetheless, despite their key functional role in ecosystems agriculture, bee populations have been affected worldwide by deforestation contamination insecticides. Conversely, little is known about the effects pesticides on morphogenetic development neotropical stingless bees. We compared fluctuating asymmetry (FA) newly emerged bees foragers Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides exposed to (experimental greenhouse cultivated field). In addition, visitation behavior was inferred from pollen analyses direct observation. A significant increase FA (P < 0.001) detected greenhouse. Even though might affect development, seem avoid contaminated plants whenever possible, as confirmed analyses. Consequently, conservation natural forests agricultural landscapes essential ensure health colonies