Structural Styles, Their Plate Tectonic Habitats, and Hydrocarbon Traps in Petroleum Provinces

摘要: Broadly interrelated assemblages of geologic structures constitute the fundamental structural styles petroleum provinces. These generally are repeated in regions similar deformation, and their associated hydrocarbon traps can be anticipated prior to exploration. Styles differentiated on basis basement involvement or detachment sedimentary cover. Basement-involved include wrench-fault assemblages, compressive fault blocks thrusts, extensional blocks, warps. Detached decollement thrust-fold detached normal faults ("growth faults" others), salt structures, shale structures. basic related larger kinematics plate tectonics and, some situations, particular depositional histories. Most have preferred plate-tectonic habitats: (1) wrench at transform convergent boundaries; (2) thrusts boundaries, particularly forelands orogenic belts; (3) divergent boundaries all stages completion certain parts (4) warps a variety plate-interior boundary settings; (5) belts trench inner walls foreland zones (6) faults, usually unstable, thick clastic wedges (mostly deltas); (7) primarily nterior grabens that may evolve completed (8) with overpressured sequences. Important differences trend arrangements morphologies provide criteria for differentiation styles. also result different kinds traps. Wrench-related concentrated along throughgoing many en echelon arrangements. The trap is anticline, places assisted by closure directly against itself. Compressive typically multiple, trends, which combine form zigzag, dogleg, other grid patterns. Their main types closures drape folds above block boundaries. Basement (domes, arches, etc) mostly solitary features commonly long-lived positive areas concentration broadly flexed closures. arranged long, sinuous closely spaced, wavelike bands. Effective slightly moderately disrupted anticlines lead edges thrust sheets. listric occur coalescing, cuspate bands parallel strike contemporaneous sedimentation. rollover uniquely downthrown sides major faults. Salt present both as buoyantly rising pillows, domes, ridges, etc, highly complex injected caused tectonic forces. Stratigraphic factors, such truncation, wedging, onlap, unconformity, add n In province either, both, gradation between described mix several further complicated superimposition fundamentally environments. Additional modification from still factors inherent deformed region event.