Botulinum Toxin as a Pain Killer: Players and Actions in Antinociception
作者： Dong-Wan Kim , Sun-Kyung Lee , Joohong Ahnn
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摘要: Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have been widely used to treat a variety of clinical ailments associated with pain. The inhibitory action BoNTs on synaptic vesicle fusion blocks the releases various pain-modulating neurotransmitters, including glutamate, substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), as well addition pain-sensing transmembrane receptors such transient receptor potential (TRP) neuronal plasma membrane. In addition, growing evidence suggests that analgesic anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through molecular pathways. Recent studies revealed detailed structural bases interact their cellular SNAREs. this review, we discuss mechanisms related efficacy in alleviating human pain insights engineering toxins extend therapeutic interventions nociception.
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