Demographic transitions and migration in prehistoric East/Southeast Asia through the lens of nonmetric dental traits

摘要: The aim of this study is to examine and assess the nonmetric dental trait evidence for population history East Southeast Asia and, more specifically, test two-layer hypothesis peopling Asia. Using a battery 21 traits we 7,247 individuals representing 58 samples drawn from Asian populations inhabiting region late Pleistocene, through Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron into historic modern periods. chief data reduction technique neighbor-joining tree generated triangular matrix mean measure divergence values. Principal findings indicated major dichotomization dataset (1) an early sample with close affinities Australian Melanesian (2) very distinct grouping ancient Northeast Asians. Distinct patterns clinal variation among Neolithic post-Neolithic Mainland suggest center periphery spread genes This pattern consistent archaeological linguistic demic diffusion that accompanied agriculturally driven expansion in Neolithic. Later Metal Age between Island coastal series likely consequence South China Sea interaction sphere operating at least 500 BCE, if not Such results provide extensive support account region.