Determining socially optimal nitrogen application rates using a delayed response model: the case of irrigated corn in Western Kansas.

摘要: Nitrate contamination of groundwater is an important problem. The transport leached nitrate from the root zone to takes approximately 30 60 years. Many previous studies ignore this time lag by assuming instantaneous contamination. This analysis applies a delayed response model account for between nitrogen fertilizer applications reaches groundwater. Results show that accounting externality reduces application rate 13% and returns above variable costs 8% farmers who apply both phosphorus. For do not use phosphorus, reduced 14% 22%. phosphorous increased more than 100% significantly nitrate.