Trade-offs and efficiencies in optimal budget-constrained multispecies corridor networks

摘要: Conservation biologists recognize that a system of isolated protected areas will be necessary but insufficient to meet biodiversity objectives. Current approaches connecting core conservation through corridors consider optimal corridor placement based on single optimization goal: commonly, maximizing the movement for target species across network areas. We show designing purely ecological criteria leads extremely expensive linkages are suboptimal multispecies connectivity Similarly, acquiring least-expensive ecologically poor solutions. developed algorithms optimizing use given specific budget. applied our approach in western Montana demonstrate how solutions may used evaluate trade-offs 2 with different habitat requirements, areas, and values under budgets. evaluated were each individually both jointly. Incorporating budget constraint jointly resulted close individual movement-potential optima substantial cost savings. Our produced within 14% 11% best possible grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) wolverines (Gulo gulo), respectively, saved 75% cost. joint combined improved relative splitting optimize individually. results economies scale complementarities planners can achieve by designs financial costs multiple believe facilitate reducing acquisition allowing derived more closely reflect priorities.