DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF ALPHA1-FETOPROTEIN AND BETA-HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD

摘要: h This article provides a comprehensive review of the current literature and summarizes experience German cooperative protocols for nontesticular germ cell tumors (MAKEI) on use alpha 1-fetoprotein (AFP) beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (b -hCG) diagnostic evaluation in pediatric oncology. Based this evaluation, proposes guidelines initial work-up children with clinically suspected secreting tumors. AFP b -hCG represent characteristic tumormarkers ofmalignantepitheliallivertumorsand malignant germcelltumors (GCT). They play an important role as well follow-up examination during therapy. Current therapeutic strategies both tumor types include preoperative chemotherapy followed by delayed resection. Therefore, it is essential pediatrician charge to be aware broad differential diagnosis elevated -hCG. In well-de® ned clinical setting, these markers allow without histological con® rmation, but physiologically serum levels infancy or unrecognized benign conditions, such hepatic diseases hereditary disorders, must also considered diagnoses. laboratory investigations should liver parameters all patients exclude disease. addition, pregnancy excluded adolescents. Careful history taking will further help rule out metabolic disorders ataxia teleangiectasia that are associated levels. Having above age-related normal range (with high -hCG), indicate epithelial primary lesions. At virtually other sites, GCT substantial yolk sac and/or choriocarcinoma component can established. Pancreaticoblastoma differentialdiagnosis upper abdomen, biopsy performed. Other childhood rarely production, usually at