作者: Marianne L. Simmel
DOI: 10.1016/S0001-6918(59)80113-X
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摘要: ALMOST ninety years ago Weir Mitchell (9) coined the term phantom, limb to describe amputee's experience of continued presence a which has been lost. Immediately after amputation, as he awakes from anesthesia, patient may not believe that arm or leg removed until can convince himself by looking under covers. But even once knows beyond doubt extremity is gone, typically continues feel it if were still present. In days-and years-to come, foot amputated itch and, reaches down scratch it, for an empty space. He bedsheets on leg, mild, perhaps pleasant tingling-a phenomenon Henderson and Smyth (5) regard basic-or, much more rarely, pain. wiggle his finger toes, flex extend wrist ankle, perform these movements less at will. Despite knowledge amputation performed "forget" reach out with missing hand grasp something, steady himself, step phantom fall. At least initially good many amputees report they are aware extremity-even though painless-than contralateral intact limb, observation already recorded (9). When first appears usually-though always-that present, i.e. "normal" size, shape, etc. time, however, certain changes take place. The articulated parts, such calf forearm, fade eventually drop altogether, leaving only foot, or, correspondingly, finally fingers. Furthermore, remaining parts gradually "move" towards stump-